Papers with real-time detection
Combining Psychological Theory with Language Models for Suicide Risk Detection (2023.findings-eacl)
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| Challenge: | Existing models for suicide prevention are limited in domains and are not available in low-resource languages. |
| Approach: | They propose a computational model that combines pre-trained language models with a fixed set of manually crafted suicidal cues and a two-stage fine-tuning process to detect suicide risk. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms baseline models even early on in the conversation and performs well across genders and age groups. |
Detecting Suicide Risk in Online Counseling Services: A Study in a Low-Resource Language (2022.coling-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing domain-specific models for detecting suicide are lacking in low-resource languages. |
| Approach: | They propose a model that combines pre-trained language models with a fixed set of suicidal cues and a two-stage fine-tuning process to detect SI. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms baseline models even early on in the conversation and performs well across genders and age groups. |
The Digital Dunning-Kruger Effect: Decoupling Hallucinations via Geometric Hidden-state Observation for Semantic Truthfulness (2026.acl-long)
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Yueheng Mao, Min Yu, Gengwang Li, Jianguo Jiang, Gang Li, Meng Zhang, Zhen Xu, Weiqing Huang, Ming Liu
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate overconfident yet factually incorrect hallucinations. |
| Approach: | They propose a black-box-based framework that captures stubborn hallucinations by integrating internal geometric dynamics with output probability distributions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms white-box methods and reduces computational overhead by over 90%. |
Unsupervised Hallucination Detection by Inspecting Reasoning Processes (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Unsupervised hallucination detection aims to identify hallucines generated by large language models without relying on labeled data. |
| Approach: | They propose an unsupervised method to detect hallucinated content by large language models . they use internal representations intrinsic to factual correctness to prompt the model to verify the truthfulness of a given statement . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms existing unsupervised methods and is fully unsupervised and low cost. |